雅思写作考点剖析与语料库
1
论题概述
全球化指的是世界各国之间的经济文明沟通联络愈加亲近。朗阁海外考试研究中心*写作专家剖析，雅思写作考点在于剖析多样化国家的利害，首要表现于言语，交易，旅游这三个方面的利害影响。
2
历年考试频度
雅思写作的全球化类论题基本归于每年必考类，历年频度如下表：
|
2004: 4/35 |
2005: 5/36 |
2006: 4/36 |
2007: 3/42 |
|
2008: 5/46 |
2009: 4/45 |
2010: 3/48 |
2011: 4/47 |
|
2012: 6/48 |
2013: 3/48 |
2014: 2/48 |
2015: 4/52 |
2016年频度：
|
2016年 |
题型 |
Topic |
|
1月9日 |
利害类 |
世界：各国区别减小（一样的电影，品牌，时尚，广告） |
|
4月2日 |
单独观念 |
世界：多文明社会，利大于弊 |
3
考点剖析：
以下，朗阁海外考试研究中心的*写作专家将为咱们整理剖析2004年至2016年一切全球化类考题。
1. 世界文明交融与区别
考点题1：
Many countries now havepeople from different cultures and ethnic groups. What is the reason for this?Is it a positive or negative development? (121013)
题意：国家有不一样文明种族的人员。因素，活跃or消沉？
考点剖析：多元文明multiculturalism的优点是推进文明的交融，鼓舞思想的多样性，股动社会立异。而缺陷则也许致使文明同化culturalassimilation, 会致使民族间的文明抵触cultural conflict。
近似题：
（1）多重文明的社会（不一样种族的人住在一起）利大于弊？ (060825=061021=160402)
考点题2：
Some people regard theincreasing business and cultural contact between countries as a positivedevelopment. Others, however, feel these leading to loss of nationalidentities. Discuss both the views and give your opinion. (040821=051029=150829)
题意：国家间商务文明沟通有活跃影响，仍是下降国家特性？
考点剖析：商务文明沟通的优点是推进商务与文明协作共赢，而缺陷则也许致使竞赛，带来同化或消亡。
近似题：
（1）国与国区别减少，大家挑选趋向共同(031206=040327=160109)
（2）全球的景色变得越来越类似，因素？利大于弊？(090829)
2. 言语、交易、旅游细节考点
以下罗列的考点3-7归于考点1与考点2的细节考点，与考点1与考点2语料相通。
考点题3：言语
Across the world today, theuse of many languages has been declining. Only a few languages have beenincreasingly used. Is this a positive or negative development? (131116)
题意：很多言语运用量减少，少量言语运用量添加，活跃或消沉？
考点剖析：言语的灭绝表现出人类文明沟通亲近与文明多样性culturaldiversity的丢掉。
近似题：
（1）言语灭绝让人更简单日子，所以不首要 (041030)
（2）英语作为世界性言语的利超越弊 (050416)
（3）一些人以为应该发明一种世界沟通的新言语，利大于弊 (070818)
考点题4：交易
Some people thinkdeveloping countries should invite foreign companies to open branches, officesand factories to promote their economies. Others say that they should keep theforeign companies out and depend more on their own local companies. Describe bothviews and give your opinion. (120107)
题意：引进外企or维护本国禁止外企？
考点剖析：引进外企，推进协作与竞赛，改进区域效劳，一起会影响本地公司商场。
近似题：
（1）跨国公司全球化对每个人都有活跃影响 (120209)
考点题5：旅游
世界：International tourism hasbecome a huge industry in the world. Do the problems of international traveloutweigh its advantages? (060520)
题意：世界旅游变成一个巨大的工业-弊大于利
考点剖析：推进作业，推进区域经济文明，一起影响区域环境与生态，以及文明同化与抵触。
近似题：
（1）世界游览越便宜，游客不断添加，利害 (081120=121020)
（2）世界性旅游有负面影响，因素办法 (150530)
考点题6：旅游成见
International travel makes people prejudicedmore than board-mind, why does this phenomenon happen? How to improve theunderstanding of countries they visit? (031011=040403=080821=100626=150813)
题意：世界游览有时会让大家更成见而不是心胸开阔，因素及办法
考点剖析：旅游者本身素质及区域文明宣扬与了解缺少，引起文明抵触，应从有关方面改进。
近似题：
（1）去他国旅游，是仿效他国风俗习气，仍是本地应该投合文明多样性 (050305=050820)
考点题7：进口
Asglobal trade increases, many goods, even some daily goods, are exported toanother country, which includes long-distance transport during shipping. Do youthink its benefits outweigh its drawbacks? (081204≈05.11.12)
题意：进口产品，利害
考点略析：推进各国优势资本运用与本身经济开展，改进区域有关效劳，带来环境污染，影响本地有关工业。
近似题：
（1）进口各国食物利大于弊？ (080223)
（2）国家应自产食物而尽也许少进口 (110226)
（3）传统饮食被外国快餐取代对家庭社会发生不良影响 (110623)
考点题8：世界帮助
Somepeople think that developing countries need financial help from internationalorganizations. Others think that it is practical aid and advice that is needed.Discuss these views and give your own opinion. (090207=090627)
题意：给与多种帮助而非经济帮助
考点略析：深度协作，授之以渔。
近似题：
有人以为赞助贫困国家弊大于利 (071124=131010)
慈悲帮助应向最火急的区域or本国 (100109=091121=150606)
与其他论题兼并性题：
（1）全球协作有助于环保仍是商业 (080726)
（2）世界旅游和交易推进社会开展 (100617=140821)
（3）出国旅游去了解他国or经过电视和互联网 (110127)
（4）大多数严重的疑问只能经过世界协作处理 (120121)
（5）现在咱们面对全世界的各种疑问，因而国家之间杰出的联络很首要 (070721)
（6）各国科学技能趋向同一性，因素及利害 (121117)
（7）学生应该花时刻在不一样的国家日子和学习不一样言语和文明，赞同与否 (131121)
4
考点论据
朗阁海外考试研究中心*写作专家剖析指出，本类别考题应依据十年同类一切论题考点，进行对于性地道性语料弥补，地道资料来源于《the economist》, 《The Guardian》, 《National Geographic》, 《The Atlantic》等。
1. 全球化的因素
（1）经济层面，各个国家出产本国特定优势的产品，经过交易，可以给进口国和出口国都带来优点。各国经济开展又为交易旅游及文明方面的全球沟通供给物质条件。
（2）技能层面，互联网、媒体科技、交通工具的迅猛开展推进各国经济文明的亲近沟通。
（3）国家层面，跟着国家之间的触摸增多，国家之间签署一系列协作规章来推进各国开展与世界性疑问处理。
①因素概述：
At least four factors havecontributed to globalization:
1.technological change, particularly the ICT revolution;
2.the spread of market-based systems;
3.domestic politics—pro-globalization forces are more politicallysignificant; and inter-state rivalries.
②因素拓宽1：
Technological development,from better transportation and carrier services to the telephone and massmedia, has created a smaller, more integrated world，which makes the world evensmaller and more integrated. Communications, trade and employment, personal andpolitical transactions are now occurring on a global scale, in real time,ignoring boundaries between states.
③因素拓宽2：
the closer integration ofthe countries and peoples of the world which has been brought about by theenormous reduction of costs of transportation and communication, and thebreaking down of artificial barriers to the flows of goods, services, capital,knowledge, and (to a lesser extent) people across borders.
2. 全球化的价值
（1）经济上，国家与区域经济开展，作业时机添加，产品效劳丰厚。
（2）技能上，落后国家因而可以学习发达国家的技能或许公司的管理方法等；而发达国家可以依托技能移民来弥补劳动力。
（3）政治上和社会上，国家之间的联络增多，有助于和平地协商处理疑问。
（4）文明上，大家开辟视野，增进了解，消除误解，然后可以更融洽地共处。
①全球化推进资本有用运用
The booming internationaltrade can closely integrate a wide range of resources of different countries,which enables many nations to share resources to achieve the goal ofcomplementing each other’s strengths. For instance, the international businessmade possible by air travel and telecommunication has enabled businessmen fromless developed countries to introduce the state-of-the-art facilities fromprosperous nations to develop and expand their business. Besides, affluentnations can make full use of the cheaper labor force in impoverished countriesto save the production costs and obtain more economic profits. The effectiveinteraction among countries at different levels has allowed a more sustainabledevelopment of the world.
②全球化推进竞赛，推进开展
At the same time,globalization creates new possibilities and motivations for local culturalautonomy and identities. This “push down effect” of globalization is the reasonfor the revival of local nationalism and local forms of cultural identity inall parts of the world. It may seem strange but the more we globalize, the morewe localize.
3. 全球化的缺陷
（1）经济：开展中国家的劳动力被克扣，资本被取用，国内工业遭到冲击。
（2）社会文明：本乡文明会被削弱，本乡言语会遭到要挟，文明多样性会逐步损失。大家的日子习气和采购习气逐步被改变。
（3）环境上，工业化出产和交通量的加大会添加温室气体的排放；旅游人数的增多会对自然环境构成要挟。
①全球化引起抵触：
Most importantly, criticsof recent economic globalization see that these developments are not at alloccurring in a vacuum, but feed into ethnic, religious, and factional tensionsthat lead to wars and help breed terrorism. Furthermore, these terrorists, nowglobally interconnected and empowered with knowledge, create a whole newcategory of warfare based, in part, on the disruption of the interconnectionswhich are both created by and necessary for globalization. Some commentatorsbelieve the nation-state is ill-equipped to deal with this emergent threat.
②全球化对环境的损坏
The rise in worldwide tradeand the increasing interaction between countries previously separated by tradebarriers have stimulated a significant increase in transportation progresses atall geographical levels. This has caused a wide variety of threats to theenvironment. Thus, a demanding problem of globalization is formed byenvironmental decay caused by the rise in international transportation. Therise in international transportation could be partly blamed on the transport ofglobalized food. As more global corporations take over most of the aspects offarming, local resources and labors of small farms are decreasingly vanishing.This caused the people to buy and eat food that are grown overseas instead ofthe local areas, thus, causing and encouraging the amount of internationaltransportation.
③全球化对本地经济的不良影响
The expansion ofmultinational companies accelerating international economic integration canbring remarkable benefits to the local country. During the process ofinteraction with foreign staff in multinationals, local staff can have accessto the state-of-the-art technology, with which they could later create theirown start-up companies or work for local corporations, thereby promotingtechnological advances and economic growth in developing countries. Moreover,they have the opportunity to learn the work ethics of another country, and thenkeep the essence of their cultural conventions, promoting cultural diversity inthe host country.
5
中心词组与论句
以下，朗阁海外考试研究中心*写作专家对于此类论题，精选了一些中心论题学术性词汇和词组调配，并依据中心学术词组调配中心论句，以便备考时刻不充裕的考生直接堆集和运用。
diversity [da?'v??s?t?]
n. 多样性；区别
多见学术词组调配：
culturaldiversity 文明区别 // enormous/extraordinary/rich diversity 巨大/特殊/丰厚的多样性 // a wide diversity of 多种多样的 // maintain/preserve diversity坚持/维护多样性
雅思写作例句：
(1). Tourists andbusinessmen make it possible for different nations to maintain continuouscultural exchanges, which substantially helps with preserving rich diversityin the world.（Tips: which引导非限制性定语从句；continuous表明接二连三的；help with doing sth表明有助于做某事）
游客和商人使国家间坚持接二连三的文明沟通变成也许，大大有助于维护世界丰厚多样性的存在。
(2). When a country tendsto develop a closer relationship with the rest of the world, it does notnecessarily give up its culture, or rather it would put more emphasis on theconservation of local features to preserve its cultural identities, so culturaldiversity is actually not damaged but promoted.（Tips: when引导时刻状语从句；so衔接并列句；or rather表明更精确的说；put emphasis on sth表明着重；conservation/preserve表明维护；cultural identities表明文明身份；not...but...表明不是而是）
一个国家与他国开展更亲密的联络并不意味着它会抛弃自个的文明，更精确的说，它也许会愈加着重维护本地特征及文明身份，所以文明多样性不会被损坏而会被推进。
exploit [?k'spl??t]
vt. 克扣；运用；开发
多见学术词组调配：
exploitmercilessly/ruthlessly 残暴地克扣 // be open/vulnerable to exploitation 易遭到克扣 // struggle againstexploitation 与克扣作斗争 // fully exploit/exploit...to the full 充沛开发
雅思写作例句：
(1). It is often the casethat jobs multinational corporations provide are not paid as much as they haveto pay for similar jobs in their countries, by which I mean these companies arevirtually making use of the cheaper labor force and ruthlessly exploitingworkers in developing countries.（Tips: It is often the case that引导主语从句，表明经常出现的状况；by which I mean引导非限制性定语从句；virtually表明实际上；make use of表明运用；cheap labor force表明便宜劳动力）
经常出现的状况是，跨国公司支付本地职工的工资低于其本国同样作业所得薪水，也就是说这些公司其实是在运用开展中国家的便宜劳动力，残暴地克扣工人。
(2). Due to the backwardeconomic development, employees in underdeveloped countries are usually cheaplabor resources, who are vulnerable to exploitation by employers offoreign enterprises, so inviting them to open branches means allowingexploitation of local residents.（Tips: who引导非限制性定语从句；so衔接并列句；backward表明落后的；foreign enterprises表明外企；local residents表明本地居民）
由于经济开展落后，欠发达国家的职工通常是便宜劳动力，他们简单遭到外企老板的克扣，所以邀请这些公司在本地建立分部就意味着本地居民将会遭到克扣。
globalization [?glob?l?'ze?n]
n. 全球化
多见学术词组调配：
economic/culturalglobalization 经济/文明全球化 // globalization strategy 全球化战略 // the growing/increasingglobalization 日益增长的全球化 // turn back the tide of globalization 反转全球化的大趋势 // anti-globalizationgroups 反全球化集体
雅思写作例句：
(1). It is undeniable thatthe growing connection and independence of the world’s markets and businessesin contemporary society has made it impossible to turn back the tide ofglobalization.（Tips: It is undeniable that引导主语从句表明不行否认；make it impossible to dosth不定式做宾语，it为方式宾语，表明不也许做某事）
不行否认，当今社会世界商场和商业中日益增多的联络和依赖已使全球化变成不行反转的大趋势。
(2). Anti-globalizationgroups insisting on the negative effects of globalization mainly emphasizeits threat to local industries in underdeveloped countries as well as themulti-culture of different nations.（Tips: insisting非谓语动词做后置定语；insist on sth表明坚持以为；underdeveloped countries表明欠发达国家；multi-culture表明多元文明）
坚持认定全球化负面影响的反全球化集体首要着重它对欠发达国家本乡工业以及世界多元文明的要挟。
impoverished [?m'p?v?r??t]
adj.赤贫的，赤贫的
多见学术词组调配：
impoverished/poverty-strickencountries 赤贫国家 // impoverished areas 赤贫区域// be impoverished by sth 因某物而赤贫 // impoverish the economy 致使经济窘迫
雅思写作例句：
(1). In the tide ofeconomic globalization, there exist some countries that are impoverished bya lack of advanced technology, so they can hardly benefit from globalizationand even become marginalized, which would further enlarge the gap between therich and poor.（Tips: there exist为there-be句式；that引导限定性定语从句；so衔接并列句；which引导非限制性定语从句；a lack of表明缺少；marginalized表明边缘化的）
在经济全球化的大潮中，有一些国家由于缺少抢先的技能而赤贫落后，因而很难从全球化中获利乃至会被边缘化，这会进一步拉大贫富差距。
integrate ['?nt?gre?t]
· 使成全体，使联系；变成一体
多见学术词组调配：
tightly/closelyintegrate 严密结合 // integrate…with…使联系// integrate into 融入// international economic integration世界经济一体化 // accelerate/speed upintegration 加快一体化
雅思写作例句：
(1). The boominginternational trade can closely integrate a wide range of resources ofdifferent countries, which enables many nations to share resources to achievethe goal of complementing each other’s strengths.（Tips: which引导非限制性定语从句；a wide range表明多种多样的；achieve the goal表明完成目标；complement each other’s strengths表明优势互补）
世界交易的昌盛极好地结合了不一样国家多种多样的资本，使很多国家资本共享，完成了优势互补。
(2). The increased flow oftrade, capital, technology and people across national boundaries, especiallythe expansion of multinational companies, has accelerated internationaleconomic integration and the process of globalization.（Tips: flow表明活动；across national boundaries表明跨越国界；expansion表明扩大；the process ofglobalization表明全球化进程）
国家间交易、资金、技能和人员活动的增多，特别是跨国公司的扩大，加快了世界经济一体化和全球化的进程。
interaction [?nt?r'æk?(?)n]
n. 彼此影响；互动，往来
多见学术词组调配：
increasedinteraction 互动的增多 // interaction with sb 与或人往来 // social interaction 社会往来 // face-to-faceinteraction 面对面互动
雅思写作例句：
(1). The increasedinteraction between locals and foreigners helps to stimulate culturalexchanges, resulting in people understanding and accepting different culturesthat exist. （Tips: resulting in非谓语动词做成果随同状语；that引导定语从句；stimulate表明推进；culturalexchanges/communication表明文明沟通）
本地人和外国人之间互动的增多推进了文明沟通，使大家了解并承受存在的不一样文明。
(2). During the process of interactionwith foreign staff in multinational companies, local employees have theopportunity to learn the work ethics and cultural conventions of anothercountry and vice versa, resulting in deeper understanding on mutual culturalbackground.（Tips: resulting非谓语动词做随同状语；work ethics表明作业理念，职业道德；cultural conventions表明文明传统；vice versa表明反之亦然；mutual表明彼此的，彼此的）
在与跨国公司中外国职工往来的过程中，本地职工有时机了解到另一个国家的作业理念乃至是文明传统，反之亦然，因而他们对彼此文明背景的了解变得愈加深入。
invade [?n've?d]
v. 侵入；侵扰；涌入
多见学术词组调配：
invadeforeign/local markets 侵入外国/本地商场 //cultural invasion 文明侵略 // full-scale invasion 全部侵入
雅思写作例句：
(1). When powerfulmultinationals invade local markets with their goods, they often compellocal companies with fewer resources to go bankrupt and even withdraw from themarket.（Tips: when引导时刻状语从句；compel sb to do强逼或人做某事；go bankrupt表明破产；withdraw from表明退出）
当实力强壮的跨国公司用自个的产品侵入本地商场时，资本较少的本地公司往往会被迫走上破产乃至退出商场的路途。
(2). Native businessmenoppose the open trade and full-scale invasion of multinational companiesin different nations because they would destroy the native orthodox culture andput local industries in jeopardy.（Tips: because引导因素状语从句；open trade表明敞开的交易；orthodox culture表明传统文明；put sth in jeopardy表明使某物处于风险状况）
本地商人对立交易敞开和跨国公司的全部侵入，由于这些会损坏本地的传统文明，还会使地方工业处于风险当中。
multinational [m?lt?'næ?(?)n(?)l]
adj.跨国公司的；多国的 // n. 跨国公司
多见学术词组调配：
multinationalcompanies/corporations/enterprises 跨国公司 //giant multinational 大型跨国公司 // leading multinational 抢先的跨国公司
雅思写作例句：
(1). A giantmultinational’s opening foreign branches in a specific country could createhundreds of thousands of job opportunities for its local citizens, andtherefore the unemployment rate would be lowered to some extent.（Tips: opening非谓语动词做主语；and therefore衔接并列句表明成果；foreign branches表明国外分支机构；hundreds of thousands of表明数十万的；unemployment rate表明失业率；lower表明下降）
在某个国家建立国外分支机构的大型跨国公司可以为本地居民发明数十万计的作业时机，因而会在必定程度上下降失业率。
state-of-the-art [,ste?t ?v ð?'ɑ:t]
adj.最抢先的，*的，到达最高水准的
多见学术词组调配：
state-of-the-arttechnology 最抢先技能 // state-of-the-art facilities *的现代化设备 // state-of-the-art healthcare 最抢先的医疗保健
雅思写作例句：
(1). Local employees ofmultinational corporations can have access to the state-of-the-arttechnology, with which they could later create their own start-up companiesor work for local corporations, thereby promoting technological advances andeconomic growth in developing countries.（Tips: with which引导非限制性定语从句；promoting非谓语动词做随同状语；have access to表明可以挨近；start-up companies表明创业公司；technologicaladvances/progress表明技能前进）
在跨国公司作业的本地职工可以触摸到最抢先的技能，日后可以创建自个的公司或在本地公司作业，因而会推进开展中国家技能的前进和经济的开展。
(2). The internationalbusiness made possible by air travel and telecommunication has enabledbusinessmen from less developed countries to introduce the state-of-the-artfacilities from prosperous nations to develop and expand their business.（Tips: made非谓语动词做后置定语；telecommunication表明长途通讯；introduce表明引进；prosperous表明昌盛殷实的；expand business表明强大生意）
因航空游览和长途通讯得益的世界商业使欠发达国家的商大家可以从殷实国家引进*的现代化设备来开展强大自个的生意。
sustainable [s?'ste?n?b(?)l]
adj.可持续的
多见学术词组调配：
sustainabledevelopment 可持续开展// achieve overall sustainable development 完成全体上的可持续开展 // sustainable growth 可持续增长
雅思写作例句：
(1). The effectiveinteraction among countries at different levels has made it possible for theworld to achieve overall sustainable development.（Tips: at different levels表明处于不一样水平；make it possible for...todo表明使某事变成也许）
不一样水平国家间的有用互动往来使世界完成全体上的可持续开展变成也许。
