CATTI二级口译
*篇：有关匹兹堡经济转型对中国经济的借鉴作用。这一段落出自伯南克的一篇文章，有一定修改，总体风格比较平实，陌生经济术语不多，只是某些句式有些拗口，译不好会听起来比较别扭。
Para 1
The slowing of China’s economic growth has many causes. In my view, it is a healthy development, resulting from a necessary change in China’s growth model. Since the beginning of China’s growth miracle, a large part of the country’s development has been directed from the center. This “top-down” approach has focused on heavy industry, infrastructure, and the promotion of exports. This growth model had its roots in central planning. but China also encourages its market liberalization and openness to international competition, thus making important gains in productivity and technological upgrading. This strategy has been incredibly successful. the Chinese economy is two-and-a-half times bigger today than a decade ago
参考答案：中国经济发展的放缓，有很多的原因，在我看来，这种发展是健康的，是由中国发展模式所进行的必要调整造成的。这个国家发展的奇迹的最初时刻，其发展主要来自于中央*的指令。这种自上而下的发展方式主要集中于重工业、基础设施以及推动出口。这种发展方式植根于中央集权式的计划经济，但中国同时也鼓励市场自由化并向国际竞争开放。在生产力以及技术改造方面获得了很大的进展。这一战略非常成功，目前中国的经济体量已经是十年前的两倍半。
theChineseeconomyistwo-and-a-halftimesbiggertodaythanadecadeago。本句加一个名词体量，就显得比较平稳。而相反，
汉英翻译时，体量一词就完全可以省去。
importantgainsinproductivityandtechnologicalupgrading.这句话出现了抽象接抽象的情况，处理时要想清楚三个抽象名词之间的关系。
Para 2
However, the top-down strategy has its limits. The share of output going into manufacturing, infrastructure, and exports is too large to be sustained. And there is an overemphasis on capital investment and exports rather than on consumption. Recognizing these limits, China is working to make the transition to a “bottom-up” growth model, focused on the development of services industries, that is, retail trade, health, education, finance, and transportation. Services currently make up about half of the Chinese economy, compared to about four-fifths of the economy of the United States. That productivity in services generally does not grow as quickly as in manufacturing, this transition will involve slower economic growth.
参考答案：但是这种由上而下的策略存在局限性。国民收入进入基础建设和出口领域比例过大，因此不可持续。同时过度强调资本投资和出口而忽视了消费。中国*意识到了这种局限性。正在努力进行转型，变为一种自下而上的发展模式。主要强调发展服务业也就是发展零售业、健康产业、教育、金融和交通业的发展。目前服务业占据中国经济的大约一半，而美国的服务业占据经济的五分之四。通常情况下，生产服务业的生产力发展速度不如制造业发展得快，这种转型会减慢经济增长速度。
exportsistoolargetobesustained.这是非常著名的太……而不能句，直译听起来
翻译腔十足，实际上并没有什么用，不如直接去掉。
Andthereisanoveremphasisoncapitalinvestmentandexportsratherthanonconsumption.这一therebe加rather的用法，会让译者一瞬间产生非常别扭的译文，实际上还是词性转换接断句和增词，这样就可以产生顺畅的译文。
ServicescurrentlymakeupabouthalfoftheChineseeconomy,comparedtoaboutfour-fifthsoftheeconomyoftheUnitedStates.这句话里的关键就在compare一词可以合理省略，比较结构处理的*选择应该是如何不译，而不是如何再现结构，相反，汉英当中，如果能“无中生有”地出一个compared译品的质量就很高。
