Java内存模型(JMM)定义了:how and when different threads can see
values written to shared variables by other threads,
and how to synchronize access to shared variables when necessary.
Java堆和栈中的对象存储位置:
Java内存模型与硬件模型:
线程读取主内存的数据到CPU缓冲中,当数据放在不同位置时,会有两个问题:可见性与静态条件
A synchronized block in Java is synchronized on some object.
All synchronized blocks synchronized on the same object can only
have one thread executing inside them at the same time.
All other threads attempting to enter the synchronized block are blocked
until the thread inside the synchronized block exits the block.
The synchronized keyword can be used to mark four different types of blocks:
Instance methods->on the instance(object)owning the method
Static methods->on the class object of the class belongs to…
Code blocks inside instance methods
Code blocks inside static methods
Synchronized Instance methods(实例方法的同步):
如果变量在volatile变量更新之后,不*写到主存:
为了*可见性,不需要为每个变量都定义为volatile类型:
volatile变量是个内存屏障,在这之前和之后的指令可以重排序:
本地线程的示例:
下面的上图没有使用本地线程,下图使用了本地线程:
线程的信号量实现方式–busy waiting:
或者可以用volatile变量:
wait和notify的示例:
notify与notifyAll的示例:
等待线程有可能意外被唤醒,需要用while循环继续判断是否被唤醒线程notify:
一次唤醒所有线程,或者每次一个个地唤醒:
不同线程之间采用字符串作为监视器锁,会唤醒别的线程:
不同线程之间的信号没有共享,等待线程被唤醒后继续进入wait状态:
不同线程的等待与唤醒示例: